Week 10 Study Guide
-------------------

The following topics from the lectures in Unit 6 (week 10)
will be on the final exam:


The Once and Future Sun
   Main evolutionary stages of the Sun from Birth to Death
     Main Sequence Star
     Red Giant Star
     Horizontal Branch Star
     Asymptotic Giant Branch Star
     Planetary Nebula Phase
     Endpoint as a white dwarf
   Role of mass-loss in the evolution of the Sun
   Effects on the Solar System

Dark Matter & Dark Energy
   What is Dark Matter?
   Observational Evidence for Dark Matter:
      Galaxy Rotation Curves
      Galaxy Orbits within Galaxy Clusters
      Hot X-ray Gas in Clusters
   Candidate Dark Matter
      Baryonic Dark Matter
      Exotic Particle Dark Matter
   Makes up most of the matter in the universe.
   What is Dark Energy?
   What is the Observational Evidence?
      The accelerating expansion of the Universe measured by
        the Type Ia Supernova distances
   Possible forms of Dark Energy
      Constant Density ("Cosmological Constant")
      Changing Density

Time Travel
   Travel into the Future using classical relativity
   Travel into the relative past using Wormholes
      The Grandfather Paradox
      Hawking's "Chronology Protection Conjecture"
   Role of time travel inquiry as illuminating odd corners
      of our understanding of Space and Time.

Life in the Universe
   What are the basic physical conditions that are needed for life
   What are the planetary environments we think are needed for life
   The Drake Equation (how we estimate how common/rare life might be)
   Why is interstellar travel so hard?
   Why is interstellar communication possibly so cheap?